Breast cancer treatment in Turkey offers a lifeline for many women looking for the best medical care. With Turkey’s advanced healthcare system and experienced medical professionals, patients benefit from world-class treatment tailored specifically to their conditions and needs.
Breast Cancer Diagnosis
Breast cancer treatment in Turkey begins with a thorough diagnosis, initially involving an examination and discussion of symptoms. Subsequently, imaging tests are conducted to scrutinize breast tissue for any anomalies. If these tests indicate the possibility of cancer, a tissue sample from the breast is then biopsied to confirm the presence of cancerous cells.
Breast Exam
During clinical breast exams, healthcare professionals inspect the breasts for any unusual changes in the skin or nipples. The examination includes palpation of the breasts, collarbones, and armpits to detect lumps, which can signify underlying issues.
Mammogram
A mammogram, an X-ray of the breast, is a pivotal tool in the early detection for breast cancer.
- Screening Mammogram: Utilized for routine checks.
- Diagnostic Mammogram: Conducted if irregularities are found, allowing for a closer inspection and comparison of both breasts.
Breast Ultrasound
Breast ultrasounds utilize sound waves to produce images of internal structures. This test provides additional information about breast lumps, distinguishing between solid masses and fluid-filled cysts, and guiding further diagnostic steps.
Breast MRI
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) employs magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of the breast. Moreover, MRI scans can detect additional cancerous areas in the affected breast or identify cancer in the other breast. Typically, a contrast dye is injected to enhance the images.
Biopsy
A biopsy involves extracting a sample of breast tissue using a needle, guided by imaging techniques like X-rays or ultrasound. Subsequently, the sample is analyzed in a laboratory to determine if it is cancerous. Then its type and its growth rate are analyzed. This information is crucial for formulating an effective treatment plan.
Types of Biopsy:
- Fine-needle aspiration: Draws fluid and cells using a thin needle.
- Core needle biopsy: Uses a thicker needle to remove a core of tissue.
- Surgical biopsy: Removes an entire lump or a part of it for a thorough examination.
Once the biopsy confirms cancer, further testing classifies its type, and receptor status (ER, PR, HER2), and offers insight into the best treatment approach.
Staging Breast Cancer
Staging involves tests such as blood tests, bone scans, CT scans, and PET scans to understand the extent of the cancer, ranging from stage 0 (non-invasive) to stage 4 (metastatic). Accurate staging is crucial for tailoring the treatment strategy.
Staging Tests and Procedures:
- Blood Tests: Indicate general health and organ function.
- Bone Scan: Checks for cancer spread to bones.
- CT Scan and PET Scan: Provide detailed images of cancer spread.
- MRI: Evaluates the breast and surrounding tissues.
Treatment Options
Breast Cancer Surgery
Surgical procedures for breast cancer in Turkey vary and are tailored to the individual’s cancer type, stage, and health:
- Lumpectomy: Removal of the cancer and some surrounding healthy tissue while sparing most of the breast.
- Mastectomy: Complete removal of breast tissue, potentially including skin and nipple, with options like skin-sparing or nipple-sparing mastectomy for better cosmetic outcomes.
- Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomy: Preemptive removal of the healthy breast if there’s a high risk of future cancer.
Radiation Therapy
Radiation therapy uses high-energy beams to destroy residual cancer cells post-surgery, reducing recurrence risk. External beam radiation is common, where a machine targets the breast area with precise radiation doses.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy involves breast cancer treatment drugs that kill cancer cells, administered pre-surgery (neoadjuvant) to shrink tumours or post-surgery (adjuvant) to eliminate remaining cells. It’s also utilized to control advanced cancers. Side effects vary based on the drugs used.
Hormone Therapy
Hormone therapy is effective for cancers sensitive to hormones like estrogen and progesterone. It reduces hormone production or blocks hormones from aiding cancer growth, lowering recurrence risk or controlling metastatic cancer.
Options include:
- Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Block hormones from attaching to cancer cells.
- Aromatase Inhibitors: Reduce estrogen production post-menopause.
- Ovarian Suppression: Stops ovaries from producing hormones.
Targeted Therapy
Targeted latest breast cancer treatment drugs, like those targeting the HER2 protein, specifically attack cancer cells without harming normal cells. These can be used pre-surgery to shrink tumours or post-surgery to prevent a recurrence.
Immunotherapy
Immunotherapy enhances the immune system’s ability to fight cancer, which is particularly useful for conditions like triple-negative breast cancer, where cancer cells lack common receptors.
Palliative Care
Palliative care focuses on symptom management and quality of life improvement for patients with serious illnesses, including cancer. It complements other treatments, helping with pain and symptom relief.
Follow-Up and Support
Follow-Up Care
Post-treatment follow-ups are essential for monitoring recovery and managing any treatment-related issues. Regular mammograms, physical exams, and ongoing consultations with healthcare providers help in early detection of any recurrence.
Coping and Support
Coping with breast cancer involves emotional support, stress management, and connecting with support groups and counselling services. This holistic approach ensures psychological well-being alongside physical health recovery.
Breast Cancer Treatment Cost in Turkey
The cost of breast cancer treatment in Turkey varies significantly based on the type and stage of the cancer, as well as the specific treatments required. Turkey offers high-quality medical care at competitive prices compared to other countries, making it a popular destination for medical tourism.
Breast Cancer Treatment in Turkey
Avicenna International Hospital
Breast cancer treatment in Turkey represents an optimal balance of advanced medical technology, skilled healthcare professionals, and compassionate patient care. Facilities like Avicenna International Hospital offer comprehensive treatment plans for breast cancer customized to patient needs, ensuring the highest standards of care.
For further inquiries or to schedule a consultation, please contact us at Avicenna International Hospital.
The cost varies widely depending on the nature and extent of the treatment required. Patients can expect significantly lower costs compared to Western countries, with no compromise in the quality of care.
Yes, cancer treatment in Turkey is highly regarded for its quality and affordability. Turkish medical facilities are equipped with advanced technology and staffed by experienced oncologists and surgeons.
The most common treatment is surgery, often followed by radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or hormone therapy based on the cancer type and stage.
